Process Imaging For Automatic Control

Description:
As industrial processes and their corresponding control models increase in complexity, the data provided by traditional point sensors is no longer adequate to ensure product quality and cost-effective operation. 'Process Imaging for Automatic Control' demonstrates how in-process imaging technologies surpass the limitations of traditional monitoring systems by providing real-time multidimensional measurement and control data. Combined with suitable data extraction and control schemes, such systems can optimize the performance of a wide variety of industrial processes.Contributed by leading international experts, 'Process Imaging for Automatic Control' offers authoritative, comprehensive coverage of this new area of process control technology, including: basic goals of process modeling and their application to automatic control; direct imaging devices and applications, such as machine vision and spatial measurement of flow velocity, pressure, shear, pH, and temperature; various techniques, hardware implementations, and image reconstruction methods for process tomography; image enhancement and restoration; state estimation methods; state space control system models, control strategies, and implementation issues; and, five chapters devoted to case studies and advanced applications. From theory to practical implementation, this book is the first to treat the entire range of imaging techniques and their application to process control. Supplying broad coverage with more than 270 illustrations and nearly 700 cited references, it presents an accessible introduction to this rapidly growing, interdisciplinary technology.

Table of Contents:
Contributors Preface THE CHALLENGE D.M. Scott and H. McCann Motivation Roadmap Vista PROCESS MODELING P. Linke, A. Kokossis, J.U. Repke, and G. Wozny Introduction Simulation Versus Optimization Process Models for Imaging and Analysis Process Modeling for Design, Control, and Diagnostics References DIRECT IMAGING TECHNOLOGY S. Someya and M. Takei Introduction Light Sources Sensors Optical Components Applications Machine Vision References PROCESS TOMOGRAPHY B.S. Hoyle, H. McCann, and D.M. Scott Introduction Tomographic Sensor Modalities Image Reconstruction Current Tomography Systems Applications References IMAGE PROCESSING AND FEATURE EXTRACTION D. Zhao Introduction Image Enhancement Image Restoration Segmentation Feature Representation Morphological Image Processing and Analysis References STATE ESTIMATION J. Kaipio, S. Duncan, E. Somersalo, A. Seppanen, and A. Voutilainen Introduction Real-Time Recursive Estimation: Kalman Predictors and Filters On-Line and Transient Estimation: Smoothers Nonlinear and Non-Gaussian State Estimation Partially Unknown Models: Parameter Estimation Further Topics Observation and Evolution Models in Process Industry Example: Convection-Diffusion Models References CONTROL SYSTEMS S. Duncan, J. Kaipio, A. Ruuskanen, M. Malinen, and A. Seppanen Introduction Modeling the Process Feedback Control Control Design Practicalities of Implementing Controllers Conclusion References IMAGING DIAGNOSTICS FOR COMBUSTION CONTROL V. Sick and H. McCann Introduction Combustor Types Imaging in Combustors Results from Combustion Imaging Conclusions References MULTIPHASE FLOW MEASUREMENTS T. Dyakowski and A.J. Jaworski Introduction Flow Pattern Recognition Flow Pattern Imaging Solids Mass Flow Measurements References APPLICATIONS IN THE CHEMICAL PROCESS INDUSTRY D.M. Scott Introduction Applications Related to Process Control Applications Related to Process/Product R&D Conclusion Reference MINERAL AND MATERIAL PROCESSING R.A. Williams Motivation for Development of Image-Based Techniques Design of Comminution Equipment Granular Flow and Bulk Transportation Particle Classification in Cyclones Performance of Flotation Cells and Columns Solids Settling and Water Recovery Microscale Analysis of Granules, Flocs, and Sediments Concluding Remarks References APPLICATIONS IN THE METALS PRODUCTION INDUSTRY J.A. Coveney, N. Gray, and A.K. Kyllo Introduction Detection of Slag Entrainment Measurement of Furnace Refractory Wear Flow Measurement Imaging of Solid State Phase Change Conclusion References INDEX