Stroke Part 1: Basic And Epidemiological Aspects

Description:
This is the first of three volumes on stroke in the 'Handbook of Clinical Neurology' (Series Editors: Michael J. Aminoff, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Francois Boller, Bethesda, USA; and, Dick F. Swaab, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) covering historical perspective, basic science overview and pathophysiology and clinical epidemiology. Until a few years ago, strokes were considered experiments of nature that provided help in understanding the functional anatomy of the brain, but for which little could be done in terms of therapeutic intervention and prevention. These three volume record how this has now profoundly changed and cover advances in our understanding of the biochemical background of strokes coupled with advances in fields as diverse as epidemiology, genetics, neuroimaging, interventional radiology, surgery, clinical psychology and most particularly prevention and management.In this work, the aim is to provide both basic researchers with the foundation for new investigations and clinicians a source of reference to enable them to gain a thorough knowledge and understanding of the clinical features and management of the many neurological manifestations of stroke.

Table of Contents:
Section 1: Historical perspective: The history of stroke and cerebrovascular disease. Section 2: Basic science overview and pathology: The ischemic cascade and mediators of ischemic injury. Animal models of ischemic stroke. Cerebral blood flow and ischemic penumbra. Neuropathology of ischemic brain injury. Reperfusion injury after stroke: neurovascular proteases and the blood-brain barrier. Gene induction, protein synthesis and related issues. Effects of gender and sex steroids on ischemic injury. Ischemic tolerance as an active and intrinsic neuroprotective mechanism. Vascular endothelium and the blood-brain barrier. A cerebrovascular perspective of atherosclerosis. Blood coagulation and fibrinolysis: mechanisms of thrombosis. Anatomy of the circulation of the brain and spinal cord. Cerebral vascular dysregulation in the ischemic brain. Experimental models in intracerebral hemorrhage. Section 3: Clinical epidemiology: The worldwide burden of stroke: current status and future projections. Stroke among women, ethnic groups, young adults and children. Clinical genetic issues in stroke. Costs and health care system issues. Epidemiological implications of primary and secondary stroke prevention. Stroke recurrence and prognosis after stroke.