Nanoengineering Of Structural, Functional And Smart Materials

Description:
In chapters contributed by 24 university & government laboratories, 'Nanoengineering of Structural, Functional, and Smart Materials' combines wide-ranging research aimed at the development of multi functional materials that are strong, lightweight, and versatile. This book explores promising and diverse approaches to the design of nanoscale materials and presents concepts that integrate mechanical, electrical, electrochemical, polarization, optical, thermal, and biomimetic functions with nanoscale materials to support the development of polymer composites, thin films, fibers, pultruded materials, and smart materials having a superior combination of properties. Interrelating the many different aspects of nanoscience vital to developing new material systems, this book is organized into three parts that cover the major areas of focus: synthesis, manufacturing techniques, and modeling.The book defines functional materials and discusses techniques designed to improve material properties, durability, multi functionality, and adaptability. It also examines sensors and actuators fabricated from nanostructured micro devices for structural health and performance monitoring. Shifting its focus to nanomechanics and the modeling of nanoscale particles, the book discusses vibration properties, thin films, and pulse laser deposition, low cost manufacturing of ceramic composites, hybrid nanocomposites, and various types of nanotubes. The book combines atomistic modeling with molecular dynamics simulations to clarify design considerations and discusses coupling between atomistic models and classical continuum mechanics models.The authors also advocate the current and potential development of commercial applications, such as nanocoatings to create 'artificial skin' and functionalized nanotubes used to enhance the properties of composite materials. 'Nanoengineering of Structural, Functional, and Smart Materials' provides an overview of current trends and cutting-edge research in the area of nanoengineered materials. It offers new directions for the production of functionally tailored materials that can self-monitor their health and provide enduring performance.

Table of Contents:
Introduction to Nanoengineering, J.F. Maguire and D.B. Mast Thermodynamic and Statistical Foundations of Small Systems Definitions Boundaries for Nanoscience and Technology Some Final Thoughts References SYNTHESIS OF NANOSCALE MATERIALS Design of Nanostructured Materials, D. Banerjee, J. Lao, and Z. Ren Introduction Motivation, Background and Strategies Experimental Set-up Results and Discussion Large Quantity Nanostructures Concluding Remarks Problems, and References Carbon Nanotubes and Bismuth Nanowires, M.S. Dresselhaus, A. Jorio, and O. Rabin Introduction Carbon Nanotubes Bismuth Nanowires Problems Nanobelts and Nanowires of Functional Oxides, X. Wang and Z.L. Wang Introduction The Nanobelt: What is it? Techniques for Growing Nanobelts/Nanowires Growth Mechanisms The Nanobelt Family Ultra-narrow ZnO Nanobelts Mesoporous ZnO Nanowires Patterned Growth of Aligned ZnO Nanowires Selected Applications of Nanobelts Summary Problems, Acknowledgment, and References Advances in Chemical Vapor Deposition of Carbon Nanotubes, V.N. Shanov, A. Miskin, S. Jain, P. He, and M.J. Schulz CVD Technique for Growth of CNT The CVD Growth System Catalyst and Substrate Preparation Growth of CNT Purification of As-Grown CNT Characterization of CNT Advanced Topics and Future Directions for CVD of CNT Conclusions Problems, Acknowledgment, References Self-assembled Au Nanodots in a ZnO Matrix: A Novel Way to Enhance Electrical and Optical Characteristics of ZnO Films, A. Tiwari and J. Narayan Introduction Experimental Procedure Results and Discussion Conclusions Problems, Acknowledgment, References Synthesis of Boron Nitride Nanotubes Using a Ball-Milling and Annealing Method, Y. Chen and J.S. Williams Boron Nitride Nanotubes High-Energy Ball Milling Technique Synthesis of BN nanotubes from Elemental B Synthesis of BN Nanotubes from BN Compounds Formation Mechanism Discussion Conclusions Problems, Acknowledgment, References MANUFACTURING USING NANOSCALE MATERIALS Plasma Deposition of Ultra-Thin Functional Films on Nanoscale Materials, P. He and D. Shi Introduction The Plasma Coating Technique Applications and Characterization Processing and Characterization of Nanocomposite Materials Summary Problems, References Structural Nanocomposites, H. Mahfuz Introduction Matrix Modification Nanophased Filaments Core Modification Summary Problems, References Synthesis and Characterization of Metal-Ceramic Thin-Film Nanocomposites with Improved Mechanical Properties, D. Kumar, J. Sankar, and J. Narayan Introduction Theory of Pulsed Laser Deposition Experimental Procedure Results and Discussion Conclusions Problems, Acknowledgment, References Macroscopic Fibers of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, V.A. Davis and M. Pasquali Introduction Fibers Produced Directly from SWNT Synthesis Electrophoretic Spinning 'Conventional' Fiber Spinning Conclusion Problems, Acknowledgment, References Carbon Nanofiber and Carbon Nanotube Polymer/Composite Fibers and Films, H.G. Chae and S. Kumar Introduction Vapor Grown Carbon Nanofiber and Polymer Composite Films Carbon Nanotube Polymer Composite Fibers Aspects of Carbon Nanotube Polymer Composites Polymer Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Applications Concluding Remarks Problems, Acknowledgment, References Surface Patterning Using Self-Assembled Monolayers: A Bottom-Up Approach to the Fabrication of Microdevices, L. Supriya and R.O. Claus Introduction Experimental Procedure Results and Discussion Conclusions and Applications Problems, Acknowledgment, References Enhancement of the Mechanical Strength of Polymer-Based Composites Using Carbon Nanotubes, K.-T.Lau, J. Sankar and D. Hui Introduction Properties of Carbon Nanotubes Fabrication Processes of Nanotube/Polymer Composites Interfacial Bonding Properties of Nanotube/Polymer Composites Concluding Remarks Problems, Acknowledgment, References Nanoscale Intelligent Materials and Structures, Y.Y. Heung, I. Kang, S. Jain, A. Miskin, S. Narasimhadevara, G. Kirkeria, V. Shinde, S. Pammi, S. Datta, P. He, D. Hurd, M.J. Schulz, V.N. Shanov, D. Shi, F.J. Boerio, and M.J. Sundaresan Introduction A Review of Smart Materials Nanotube Geometric Structure Physical Properties of Nanotubes Manufacturing of Nanoscale Hybrid Materials Design of Nanotube Sensors and Actuators Intelligent Machines for Manufacturing, Self-Repair, and Demanufacturing Conclusions Problems, Acknowledgment, References Thermal Properties and Microstructures of Polymer Nanostructured Materials, J.H. Koo and L.A. Pilato Introduction Selection of Nanoparticles Discussion of Results Summary and Conclusions Problems, Acknowledgment, References Manufacturing, Mechanical Characterization, and Modeling of a Pultruded Thermoplastic Nanocomposite, S. Roy, K. Vengadassalam, F. Hussain, and H. Lu Introduction Experimental Procedure Nanocomposite Morphology Results and Discussion of Test Data Mechanical Properties Characterization Summary and Conclusions Problems, Acknowledgment, References MODELING OF NANOSCALE AND NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS Nanomechanics, Y.W. Kwon Introduction Static Atomic Model Coupling Atomic and FEA Models Fatigue Analysis at the Atomic Level Heterogeneous Carbon Nanotubes Problems, Acknowledgment, References Continuum and Atomistic Modeling of Thin Films Subjected to Nanoindentation, J.D. Schall, D.W. Brenner, A.D. Kelkar, and R. Gupta Introduction Modeling of Nanoindentation Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Nanoindentation Conclusions, Problems, References Synthesis, Optimization and Characterization of AlN-TiN Thin Film Heterostructures, C.Waters, S.Yarmolenko, J.Sankar, S. Neralla, and A.D. Kelkar Introduction Pulsed Laser Deposition Characterization of Thin Films Performance Evaluation of Thin Films Optimization of Results Conclusions Problems, Acknowledgment, References Polarization in Nanotubes and Nanotubular Structures, M. B. Nardelli, S. M. Nakhmanson, and V. Meunier Introduction Modern Theory of Polarization Computational Details Polarization in Nanotubes Piezoelectricity in Nanotubes Polarization Effects in Nanotubular Structures Conclusions and Future Perspectives Problems, Acknowledgment, References Multiscale Modeling of Stress Localization and Fracture in Nanocrystalline Metallic Materials, V. Yamakov, D.R. Phillips, E. Saether, and E.H. Glaessgen Introduction The Configuration Model The Molecular Dynamics Model Shear Strength of a Grain Boundary FEM Simulation Results and Discussion Concluding Remarks Problems, Acknowledgment, References Modeling of Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Composites, G.M. Odegard Introduction Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Interface Micromechanics Molecular Models Example: SWNT/ Polyimide Composite Example: SWNT/Polyethylene Composite Summary and Conclusions Problems and References An Introduction to Nanoscale, Microscale, and Macroscale Heat Transport: Characterization and Bridging of Space and Time Scales, C. Anderson and K.K. Tamma Introduction Spatial and Temporal Regimes in Heat Conduction Considerations in time heat conduction Considerations in size heat conduction Boltzmann Transport Equation Two Temperature Models Relaxation Time Numerical Illustration-Two Temperature Model and Pulse Laser Heating Numerical Illustration -One Temperature Model and Heat Conduction Model Number Multilayers and Superlattices The Equation of Phonon Radiative Transfer