Molecular System Bioenergetics: Energy For Life

Description:
In this first integrated view, practically each of the world's leading experts has contributed to this one and only authoritative resource on the topic. Bringing systems biology to cellular energetics, they address in detail such novel concepts as metabolite channeling and medical aspects of metabolic syndrome and cancer.

Table of Contents:
Preface. List of Contributors. Introduction: From the Discovery of Biological Oxidation to Molecular System Bioenergetics (Valdur Saks). References. Part I Molecular System Bioenergetics: Basic Principles, Organization, and Dynamics of Cellular Energetics. 1 Cellular Energy Metabolism and Integrated Oxidative Phosphorylation (Xavier M. Leverve, Nellie Taleux, Roland Favier, Cecile Batandier, Dominique Detaille, Anne Devin, Eric Fontaine, and Michel Rigoulet). Abstract. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Membrane Transport and Initial Activation. 1.3 Cytosolic Pathway. 1.4 Mitochondrial Transport and Metabolism. 1.5 Respiratory Chain and Oxidative Phosphorylation. 1.6 Electron Supply. 1.7 Reducing Power Shuttling Across the Mitochondrial Membrane. 1.8 Electron Transfer in the Respiratory Chain: Prominent Role of Complex I in the Regulation of the Nature of Substrate. 1.9 Modulation of Oxidative Phosphorylation by Respiratory Chain Slipping and Proton Leak. 1.10 The Nature of Cellular Substrates Interferes with the Metabolic Consequences of Uncoupling. 1.11 Dynamic Supramolecular Arrangement of Respiratory Chain and Regulation of Oxidative Phosphorylation. References. 2 Organization and Regulation of Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation (Michel Rigoulet, Arnaud Mourier, and Anne Devin). Abstract. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Oxidative Phosphorylation and the Chemiosmotic Theory. 2.3 The Various Mechanisms of Energy Waste. 2.4 Mechanisms of Coupling in Proton Pumps. 2.5 Oxidative Phosphorylation Control and Regulation. 2.6 Supramolecular Organization of the Respiratory Chain. 2.7 Conclusions. References. 3 Integrated and Organized Cellular Energetic Systems: Theories of Cell Energetics, Compartmentation, and Metabolic Channeling (Valdur Saks, Claire Monge, Tiia Anmann, and Petras P. Dzeja). Abstract. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Theoretical Basis of Cellular Metabolism and Bioenergetics. 3.3 Compartmentalized Energy Transfer and Metabolic Sensing. 4 On the Network Properties of Mitochondria (Miguel A. Aon, Sonia Cortassa, and Brian O'Rourke). Abstract. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 The Study of (Sub)Cellular Networks and the Emerging View of Cells as Dynamic Mass Energy Information Networks. 4.3 Mitochondrial Morphodynamics. 4.4 The Key Role of Inner and Outer Membrane Ion Channels on Mitochondrial Network Dynamics. 4.5 Mitochondrial Network Behavior Associated with Intracellular Signaling. 4.6 Mitochondria as a Network of Coupled Oscillators. 4.7 Discussion. 4.8 Concluding Remarks. References. 5 Structural Organization and Dynamics of Mitochondria in the Cells in Vivo (Andrey V. Kuznetsov). Abstract. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Intracellular Organization of Mitochondria. 5.3 Mitochondrial Dynamics: Regulation of Mitochondrial Morphology. 5.4 Mitochondrial Dynamics: Mitochondrial Movement (Motility) in the Cell. 5.5 Concluding Remarks. References. Part II Energy Transfer Networks, Metabolic Feedback Regulation, and Modeling of Cellular Energetics. 6 Mitochondrial VDAC and Its Complexes (Dieter Brdiczka). Abstract. 6.1 The Role of VDAC in Controlling the Interaction of Mitochondria with the Cytosol. 6.2 Molecular Structure and Membrane Topology of VDAC. 6.3 VDAC Conductance, Voltage Dependence, and Ion Selectivity. 6.4 The Physiological Signi.cance of VDAC Voltage Gating. 6.5 VDAC Isoforms and Functions. 6.6 Mitochondria and Apoptosis. 6.7 VDAC and ANT May Form the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore. 6.8 Accessory MPT Pore Subunits. 6.9 ANT Knockout Studies. 6.10 The Role of VDAC in Organizing Kinases at the Mitochondrial Surface. 6.11 Hexokinase-VDAC-ANT Complexes in Tumor Cells. 6.12 Hexokinase as a Marker Enzyme of Contact Sites. 6.13 VDAC-ANT Complexes. 6.14 VDAC-ANT Complexes Contain Cytochrome c. 6.15 VDAC Oligomerization and Cytochrome c Binding. 6.16 Possible Function of Cytochrome c in the Contact Sites. 6.17 Cholesterol and Cardiolipin In.uence VDAC Structure and Function. 6.18 The Importance of VDAC Complexes in Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Apoptosis. 6.19 Suppression of Bax-dependent Cytochrome c Release and Permeability Transition by Hexokinase. 6.20 Suppression of Permeability Transition and Cytochrome c Release by Mitochondrial Creatine Kinase. 6.21 The General Importance of the Creatine Kinase System in Heart Performance. 6.22 The Central Regulatory Role of ANT. References. 7 The Phosphocreatine Circuit: Molecular and Cellular Physiology of Creatine Kinases, Sensitivity to Free Radicals, and Enhancement by Creatine Supplementation (Theo Wallimann, Malgorzata Tokarska-Schlattner, Dietbert Neumann, Richard M. Epand, Raquel F. Epand, Robert H. Andres, Hans Rudolf Widmer, Thorsten Hornemann, Valdur Saks, Irina Agarkova, and Uwe Schlattner). Abstract. 7.1 Phosphotransfer Enzymes: The Creatine Kinase System. 7.2 Creatine Kinases and Cell Pathology. 7.3 Novel Membrane-related Functions of MtCK. 7.4 Exquisite Sensitivity of the Creatine Kinase System to Oxidative Damage. 7.5 Enhancement of Brain Functions and Neuroprotection by Creatine Supplementation. References. 8 Integration of Adenylate Kinase and Glycolytic and Glycogenolytic Circuits in Cellular Energetics (Petras P. Dzeja, Susan Chung, and Andre Terzic). Abstract. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 The Adenylate Kinase Phosphotransfer System in Cell Energetics and AMP Metabolic Signaling. 8.3 Glycolysis as a Network of Phosphotransfer Circuits and Metabolite Shuttles. 8.4 Glycogen Energy Transfer Network: Adding a Spatial Dimension to Glycogenolysis. 8.5 Concluding Remarks: Integration of Phosphotransfer Pathways. References. 9 Signaling by AMP-activated Protein Kinase (Dietbert Neumann, Theo Wallimann, Mark H. Rider, Malgorzata Tokarska-Schlattner, D. Grahame Hardie, and Uwe Schlattner). Abstract. 9.1 Metabolism and Cell Signaling. 9.2 Sensing and Signaling of Cellular Energy Stress Situations. 9.3 Mammalian AMPK Is a Member of an Ancient, Conserved Protein Kinase Family. 9.4 Regulation of AMPK. 9.5 Signaling Downstream of AMPK. 9.6 Conclusions and Perspectives. References. 10 Developmental and Functional Consequences of Disturbed Energetic Communication in Brain of Creatine Kinase-deficient Mice: Understanding CK's Role in the Fuelling of Behavior and Learning (Femke Streijger, Rene in 't Zandt, Klaas Jan Renema, Frank Oerlemans, Arend Heerschap, Jan Kuiper, Helma Pluk, Caroline Jost, Ineke van der Zee, and Be Wieringa). Abstract. 10.1 Use of Reverse Genetics to Study CK Function in Mouse Models. 10.2 Expression Distribution of Brain-type CK mRNA and Protein Isoforms. 10.3 CK--/-- Mice Have Lower Body Weights. 10.4 31P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. 10.5 Altered Brain Morphology: Involvement of the Intra-infra-pyramidal Mossy Fiber Field in CK--/-- Mice. 10.6 CK--/-- Mice Show Impaired Spatial Learning in Wet and Dry Maze Tests. 10.7 Cued Performance and Motor Coordination Are Normal in CK--/-- Mice. 10.8 CK--/-- Mice Show Normal Open-.eld Exploration and Habituation. 10.9 CK--/-- Mice Show Abnormal Thermogenesis. 10.10 Altered Acoustic Startle Re.ex Response and Hearing Problems in CK--/-- Mice. 10.11 Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures Occur Later in B-CK--/-- Mice. 10.12 Conclusions and Future Outlook. References. 11 System Analysis of Cardiac Energetics-Excitation-Contraction Coupling: Integration of Mitochondrial Respiration, Phosphotransfer Pathways, Metabolic Pacing, and Substrate Supply in the Heart (Valdur Saks, Petras P. Dzeja, Rita Guzun, Mayis K. Aliev, Marko Vendelin, Andre- Terzic, and Theo Wallimann). Abstract. 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Cardiac Energetics: The Frank-Starling Law and Its Metabolic Aspects. 11.3 Excitation-Contraction Coupling and Calcium Metabolism. 11.4 Length-dependent Activation of Contractile System. 11.5 Integrated Phosphotransfer and Signaling Networks in Regulation of Cellular Energy Homeostasis. 11.6 'Metabolic Pacing': Synchronization of Electrical and Mechanical Activities With Energy Supply. 11.7 Metabolic Channeling Is Needed for Protection of the Cell from Functional Failure, Deleterious E.ects of Calcium Overload, and Overproduction of Free Radicals. 11.8 Molecular System Analysis of Integrated Mechanisms of Regulation of Fatty Acid and Glucose Oxidation. 11.9 Concluding Remarks and Future Directions. References. 12 Principles of Mathematical Modeling and in Silico Studies of Integrated Cellular Energetics (Marko Vendelin, Valdur Saks, and Juri Engelbrecht). Abstract. 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 Mathematical Modeling. 12.3 Modeling of Energy Metabolism. 12.4 Interaction Between Enzymes. 12.5 Linking Mechanics and Free Energy Profile. 12.6 Concluding Remarks. References. 13 Modeling Energetics of Ion Transport, Membrane Sensing and Systems Biology of the Heart (Satoshi Matsuoka, Hikari Jo, Masanori Kuzumoto, Ayako Takeuchi, Ryuta Saito, and Akinori Noma). Abstract. 13.1 Introduction. 13.2 Modeling ATP-related Systems. 13.3 ATP Balance in the Kyoto Model. 13.4 Feedback Control and Ca²⁺-dependent Regulation of Mitochondria Function. References. Part III Applied Molecular System Bioenergetics. 14 Mitochondrial Adaptation to Exercise and Training: A Physiological Approach (Kent Sahlin). Abstract. 14.1 Introduction. 14.2 Co